Most of people want to be successful in life. However, success does not come easily in life. One has to be constantly motivated to reach the goal that one has set for oneself. It is said that success is essentially about following three mantras effectively – consistent hard work, always being motivated, and perseverance. Actually, motivation is one of the most important things in human life. Most life has changed because of motivation. Generally, the meaning of motivation is to inspire people to work individually or in groups in the ways such as to produce best results. It is the will to act. It is the willingness to exert high levels of effort towards organizational goals, conditioned by the efforts and ability to satisfy some individual needs. Motivation exists because every person wants to reach his/ her dream, so there will be a motivation inside. Furthermore, there are several types of motivation in learning English which are based on the origin of motivation, based on the purpose of motivation and based on Abraham Maslow theory.
Firstly, lets us have a look at the first classification type of motivation in learning English based on the origin of the motivation. Actually, that classification can be divided into two terms which are intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation is a motivation that comes from us, our self. It comes from the personal enjoyment and educational achievement that we derive from doing that particular thing. For example, the students who love learning English have some kinds of willingness or motivation that come from themselves to learn and practice English. The students who have this kind of motivation will learn English better and result will be satisfying. They do learning because they want to understand English, not because the price or punishment from the teachers. Conversely, extrinsic motivation is a motivation that comes from things or factors that are outside the individual. The extrinsic motivation is mostly related to do something to get rewards from the outside such as getting good job, passing exams, or getting respect from parents. In extrinsic motivation, usually the language learners are receiving something from the outside of the activity. It commonly happens in Indonesia that the parents promise their children to give a gift if they could get good results or good ranks in the classroom. The children are motivated to get good result because they will get something they like. Social recognition, money, fame, competition or material achievements are all examples of extrinsic motivation. Based on those terms of kind of motivation, which one is the most important? Actually, intrinsic and extrinsic are motivations that cannot be separated for the learners. Where there is an intrinsic motivation, there will be extrinsic motivation as well that encourage the learners to achieve English. Meanwhile, from both types of motivation, there must be one of them that influence the learner much more than another one whether it is the intrinsic or extrinsic motivation. On an occasion, for example, English learners really want to get a good job by learning the language. By this example, extrinsic motivation plays a dominant role in their motivation. In another occasion, English learners are really interested in mastering four skills of English; reading, writing, listening, and speaking. By this example, the intrinsic motivation of the English learners influences him/her much in achieving the language. Thus, there is the dominant motivation whether intrinsic or extrinsic motivation when English learners learn English. The dominant one depends on their aim in learning English.
Secondly, let us move to the second classification of the motivation in learning English which is based on the purpose of motivation. That classification can be classified into two terms which are instrumental and integrative motivation. Instrumental motivation refers to acquire a language as means for attaining instrumental goals; furthering career, reading technical materials, translation and so forth. With instrumental motivation, the purpose of language acquisition is more utilitarian. Instrumental motivation is often the characteristic of second language acquisition, where little or no social integration of the learner into a community using the target language takes place, or in some instances is even desired. On the other hand, Integrative Motivation is employed when learners wish to integrate themselves within the culture of second language group to identify themselves with and become a part of that society. That motivation has been identified as the learner's orientation with regard to the goal of learning a second language. It is thought that students who succeed when learning a target language (English) are those who like the people that speak the language, admire the culture, and have a desire to become familiar with or even integrate into the society in which the language is used. However, it is important to note that instrumental motivation has only been acknowledged as a significant factor in some research, whereas integrative motivation is continually linked to successful second language acquisition. It has been found that generally students select instrumental reasons more frequently than integrative reasons for the study of language.
Thirdly, lets us move to the third classification type of the motivation in learning English based on the Abraham Maslow theory. Abraham Maslow with his theory of motivation identifies different stages and forms of motives which will motivate people in different stages of their lives. This theory also presents a relationship between these needs. These needs are presented in a hierarchy. The higher level needs will be activated when the lower level needs are satisfied according to Maslow.” Maslow divided his theory into five levels of needs which are physiological needs, safety needs, belonging needs, esteem needs and self actualization needs. Actually, the students should fulfill all of those levels from lower level needs to the higher needs. Physiological needs and safety needs include the lower lever. The other three parts of those levels which are belonging needs, esteem needs and self actualization needs include the higher level which can be the motivation for the students to learn English. Belonging needs refer to the need to obtain and give affection. Esteem needs refer to needs for the respect from others. Moreover, self actualization needs refer to be where you want to be. However, those higher levels can be connected to the motivation of learning English. The students absolutely want to complete their needs. One of their needs is learning English. The students who learn English absolutely need to obtain the knowledge about English and they need to love in learning it. Moreover, they absolutely need the respect from others. When they have mastered English, indeed the others absolutely respect their ability. Then, they need to actualize them self. That need is fulfilled when they have already have knowledge about English. They can show their ability of understanding English to others. Thus, those needs really give the motivation to the English learners to learn English well.
Based on the explanation above, we know that motivation is so important in learning English. Anyway, every human being has motivation inside or outside themselves. All we have to do is stimulate that motivation so it can make us get and reach our dream. Anyhow, we can conclude that it could be better if we combined those motivation become one. By combining those motivations, it can make a great impact on how we are supposed to do in learning English.
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Mega A
Umi Nadirotun N
akash vc is a chutiya
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